Download Local Government in Liberal Democracies: An Introductory by J. A. Chandler PDF

By J. A. Chandler

The standard and nature of neighborhood govt varies largely among nations. This introductory textual content appears to be like on the workings of neighborhood govt in England and Wales, Germany, France, eire, Italy, Sweden, Canada and the us. The chapters have an identical layout so the coed has a framework for systematic comparisons of the several case reviews and a accomplished end summarises significant modifications and relationships among the buildings studied.

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For this reason the study is confined to England and Wales. Britain, as a constitutional monarchy, formally consolidates the authority of the state at the centre through a doctrine of Parliamentary sovereignty. The British Parliament is a bicameral assembly, though effective power is restricted to the House of Commons, the popularly elected chamber. The electoral system provides for territorial representation of the country through some 650 constituencies, each returning a single member on the basis of a simple plurality.

The chapters are, nevertheless, structured in accord with a common format of sections. This framework has been devised to allow readers easily to perceive similarities and differences between particular aspects of the eight local government systems that are the subject of this book. Each chapter begins with an outline of the structure and functions of the local government system under review, which is divided into the following sections. The structure of central government If sense is to be made of the local government system within any nation it is essential that the reader has a basic understanding of the structure and political processes of central government.

The poll tax proved to be highly unpopular, expensive and difficult to collect. After the Prime Minister, Mrs Thatcher, a principal advocate of the tax, fell from power, the Conservative Government began legislation designed to replace the system by a modified form of the rates to be known as the council tax. Under the new system, a government would still retain the power to determine how much a local authority may raise in local taxes. While income to pay for the revenue costs of a local authority has only recently been curbed by central government, there have been restrictions on capital spending by local governments since the nineteenth century.

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