By John M. Last
Dictionary making by no means ends simply because languages are consistently altering. conventional during the global, this booklet will proceed to function the traditional English-language dictionary of epidemiology in its Fourth variation. It covers all of the universal phrases utilized in epidemiology and plenty of from comparable fields akin to biostatistics, infectious ailment keep watch over, wellbeing and fitness promoting, genetics, medical epidemiology, wellbeing and fitness economics, and clinical ethics. The definitions are transparent and concise, yet there's house for a few short essays and discussions of the provenance of significant phrases. subsidized through the overseas Epidemiological organization, the dictionary represents the consensus of epidemiologists in lots of assorted nations. all of the definitions have been reviewed again and again via a global community of individuals from each significant department of epidemiology. they're authoritative with no being authoritarian. The Fourth version comprises good over one hundred fifty new entries and mammoth revisions of in regards to the comparable variety of definitions, plus a dozen new illustrations. some of the new phrases relate to tools utilized in environmental and medical epidemiology.
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Extra resources for A Dictionary of Epidemiology, 4th edition
Example text
The theorem can also be used for estimating exposure-specific rates from case control studies if there is added information about the overall rate of disease in that population. Some of the terms in the theorem are named. The probability of disease given the symptom is the posterior probability. It is an estimate of the probability of disease posterior to knowing whether or not the symptom was present. The overall probability of disease among the population or our guess of the probability of disease before knowing of the presence or absence of the symptom is the PRIOR PROBABILITY.
Deviation of inferences from the truth as a result of flaws in study design, data collection, or the analysis or interpretation of results. 4. A tendency of procedures (in study design, data collection, analysis, interpretation, review, or publication) to yield results or conclusions that depart from the truth. 5. Prejudice leading to the conscious or unconscious selection of study procedures that depart from the truth in a particular direction or to one-sidedness in the interpretation of results.
47. where D = disease, S = symptom, and D = no disease. The formula emphasizes what clinical intuition often overlooks, namely, that the probability of disease given this symptom depends not only on how characteristic that symptom is of the disease but also on how frequent the disease is among the population being served. The theorem can also be used for estimating exposure-specific rates from case control studies if there is added information about the overall rate of disease in that population.