By K. Tachibana (auth.), Professor Dr. L. Bolis, Professor Dr. J. Zadunaisky, Professor Dr. R. Gilles (eds.)
The value of poisons and different phanuacologically energetic com kilos bought from marine animals can't be emphasised sufficient. using those chemical compounds for protection or assault of different lifestyles fonus are of curiosity in themselves; notwithstanding, they're of significant value in our realizing in their mechanisms of motion in view of attainable program within the safeguard of guy (no doubt a predator) and in biol ogy and drugs. The toxin of the flat fish Pardachirus awarded in the various papers of this publication is an instance of a security mechanism in response to secretion of a toxin which may in all likelihood be prolonged to getting used to safeguard guy himself from sharks, the marine predators par ex cellence. August, 1984 J. ZADUNAISKY Preface The research of poisons, medicines, and pollution within the marine atmosphere, and their impression on human lifestyles existed already in Babylon and Assyria, Egypt, Persia, India, China, Japan, Greece, Rome and South the USA. however, much less is understood approximately ethnic marine biology than approximately ethnobotany. just recently even though, have energetic biotoxins been used as molecular probes in neuropharmacology, providing fascinating new insights into worried task and muscular capabilities. it truly is transparent from the shows at this assembly that a lot continues to be performed, and definitely new, extra pharmacologically orientated locate ings lie ahead.
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Example text
Compo Physiol. Biochem. Part C Primor N (1984) Pardaxin produces postjunctional muscle contraction in guineapig intestinal smooth muscle. Br J Pharmacol 82: 43-49 Reed LY, Meunch M (1983) A simple method for estimating fifty percent end points. Am J Hyg 27: 493-497 Schlieper P, De Robertis E (1977) Triton X-I00 as a channel forming substance in artificial lipid bilayer membrane. Arch Biochem Biophys 184: 207-208 Shin ML, Michaels DW, Mayer MM (1979) Membrane damage by a toxin from the sea anemone Stoichactis helianthus.
2). A test consisted of placing a shark in n, allowing it to adapt for at least 3 min and then giving "control trials" by injection of sea water into the shark's mouth five times. If the shark remained under n, a test trial consisting of injecting a known amount and concentration of test substance into the shark's buccal cavity was carried out. The injection was done by hand using a 5 cc syringe to which 3 mm diameter polyethylene tube was attached. The syringe contents were emptied in less than 1 s and emptying was timed to coincide with the start of an inhalation.
R. NELSON 3 1 Introduction The large rapaceous sharks are among the few wild animals that still pose a threat to the safety of humans. Any shark that attains a length of 2 m is potentially dangerous, but the majority of recorded shark attacks have been attributed to less than 50 species. Baldridge (1974) analysed approximately 1700 shark attacks and found that most were confmed to five families: The Lamnidae, Carcharhinidae, Orectolobidae, Odontaspidae, and Sphymidae. The same groups were implicated in South African attacks (Wallett 1978).