By Edward Shilling Hodgson; Robert F Mathewson; United States. Office of Naval Research.; Naval Research Laboratory (U.S.). Technical Information Division
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Extra info for Sensory biology of sharks, skates, and rays
Example text
They presented excellent photographs of the response. In addition, they recorded from, cranial nerves with micropipets and attempted to follow the neural pathway of the response. Bell and Satchell concluded that the response may be interpreted as protective of the cornea. Clearly it is not visually mediated since it persists in a preparation with eyes removed. Neither is it part of a labyrinthine reflex. Gilbert (1963) and Harris (1965) also believed that eyelid closure was a scribed by Bell protective mechanism.
These differences have surprised several authors (Maren 1973, Jampol and Forrest 1972, and Zadunaisky 1973) because of the supposed taxonomic closeness of these two species. In fact, these elasmobranchs are phylogenetically dissimilar, being on ends of evolutionary lines that separated as early as the Jurassic (Schaeffer 1967). Thus they are distinguished at the ordinal level in a and rabbit—species that mechanisms 1973). (Maren aqueous way differ considerably in their similar to the primate Aqueous Humor, Formation—Jampol and Forest (1972) investigated mechanism and site of aqueous formation in Squalus.
For example, Scyliorhinus and other nocturnal, sharks appear to have a highly mobile pupil, a permanently bright tapetum, and a black field in the ventral fundus. Denton and Nicol contrast them with the active, diurnal, pelagic sharks such as Prionace and Squalus. These animals have an occlusable tapetum but little bottom-dwelling, littoral iris movement. This point is questionable, however, since, for example, Carcharhinus falciformis and C. longimanus are pelagic, feed in daylight, and have highly mobile pupils.