Download Reading Sartre: On Phenomenology and Existentialism by Jonathan Webber PDF

By Jonathan Webber

Jean-Paul Sartre used to be essentially the most influential philosophers of the 20th century. The fourteen unique essays during this quantity specialise in the phenomenological and existentialist writings of the 1st significant section of his released profession, arguing with scholarly precision for his or her carrying on with significance to philosophical debate. points of Sartre’s philosophy lower than dialogue during this quantity comprise: attention and self-consciousness mind's eye and aesthetic event feelings and different emotions Embodiment Selfhood and the opposite Freedom, undesirable religion, and authenticity Literary fiction as philosophical writing interpreting Sartre: on Phenomenology and Existentialism is an fundamental source for figuring out the character and significance of Sartre’s philosophy. it's crucial analyzing for college students of phenomenology, existentialism, ethics, or aesthetics, and for an individual attracted to the roots of latest proposal in 20th century philosophy.

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A consciousness is a synthesis through and through, thoroughly intimate with itself: it is at the heart of this synthetic interiority that it can join, by an act of retention or protention, with a preceding or succeeding consciousness. Moreover, for one consciousness to act on another consciousness, it must be retained and recreated by the consciousness on which it is to act … One consciousness is not the cause of another consciousness: it motivates it. (IPPI: 25–6) Thus, the relationship between the perceptual and the realizing consciousness is not one of causation, but one of motivation.

Sartre’s argument against determinism First, all three instances of Sartre’s transcendental argument against determinism conclude only what must not be the case in order that consciousness be able to perform some task, namely that consciousness cannot be (wholly) determined by one kind of causation. 2 Put another way, these arguments deny that determinism (traditionally construed) provides a sufficient set of conditions with which to explain all of human experience. Whether Sartre maintains that all modes of determinism are false turns out to be a complicated question, addressed briefly below.

G. 1 Unfortunately, this will not change here, for the following three reasons which, along the way, offer a few preliminary remarks on Sartre’s analyses of causation, explain why this essay judiciously avoids them, and then sketch the two separate but related problems concerning freedom (randomness and luck) that provide this essay’s central focus. Sartre’s argument against determinism First, all three instances of Sartre’s transcendental argument against determinism conclude only what must not be the case in order that consciousness be able to perform some task, namely that consciousness cannot be (wholly) determined by one kind of causation.

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