By Goro Shimura
This is a sophisticated publication on modular types. whereas there are various books released approximately modular types, they're written at an trouble-free point, and never so attention-grabbing from the perspective of a reader who already understands the fundamentals. This e-book deals anything new, which can fulfill the need of this type of reader. despite the fact that, we nation each definition and each crucial truth referring to classical modular different types of one variable.
One of the imperative new good points of this ebook is the speculation of modular different types of half-integral weight, one other being the dialogue of theta services and Eisenstein sequence of holomorphic and nonholomorphic forms. hence the publication is gifted in order that the reader can examine such theories systematically. eventually, we be aware of the subsequent topics:
(I) The correspondence among the different types of half-integral weight and people of quintessential weight.
(II) The arithmeticity of assorted Dirichlet sequence linked to modular different types of crucial or half-integral weight.
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Sample text
45). 6. We note here an interesting special case. 11) ∞ η(z) = θϕ (z/12) = m=1 3 m and 3 e(m2 z/24). 9) we obtain η 1/2 ι = η. Also, m2 − 1 ∈ 24Z for every integer m prime to 6, and so η(z + 1) = e(1/24)η(z). 12) 1 − e(nz) , η(z) = Δ(z)1/24 = e(z/24) n=1 ∞ 24 where Δ(z) = e(z) n=1 1 − e(nz) . We leave the proof to the reader. In fact, it was explained in [S07, p. 19]. We also note an easy fact: 5. 12a) η 1/2 29 γ = η for every γ ∈ Γ (1) such that bγ , cγ ∈ 24Z. 7. For every congruence subgroup Γ of Γ θ and k ∈ 2−1 Z we have M k (Γ ) = {0} if k < 0 and M 0 (Γ ) = C.
3d) N km = ∞ N =1 N km Γ (2N ) , Nk = ∞ m=0 N km . 3a) belongs to Φ for every a and ξ; we then put N km (Γ, Φ) = N km (Γ ) ∩ N km (Φ). 3d). 4d) if f ∈ M k . We call an element of N k a nearly holomorphic modular form of weight k. If an element of N k belongs to N k (Φ), then we call it Φ-rational. We put M k (Φ) = M k ∩ N k (Φ), M k (Γ, Φ) = M k (Γ ) ∩ M k (Φ), S k (Φ) = S k ∩ M k (Φ), and S k (Γ, Φ) = S k (Γ ) ∩ M k (Φ). 4. Let Γ be a congruence subgroup of Γ (1) such that CA0 (Γ, Q) = A0 (Γ ).
2) f σ (z) = n0 ≤n∈Z G. 1007/978-1-4614-2125-2_3, © Springer Science+Business Media, LLC 2012 39 40 III. THE RATIONALITY AND EISENSTEIN SERIES (iii) A0 (Γ ) = CA0 (Γ, Qab ) for every congruence subgroup Γ of SL2 (Q). Proof. 9]. 1). We easily see that A is a field containing A0 . 2). Clearly f → f σ is an automorphism of A. Let f ∈ A0 Γ (N ) . By (i) we can put f = ( μ cμ gμ )/( ν dν hν ) with finitely many elements cμ , dν ∈ C and gμ , hν ∈ A0 Γ (N ), Q . Viewing this expression of f as an equality in A0 and applying σ to it, we obtain f σ = ( μ cσμ gμ )/( ν dσν hν ), since gμσ = gμ and hσν = hν .