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By Martin Breunig

This booklet offers a version for the combination of spatial info for 3D Geo-Information platforms (3D-GISs). Former Geo-Information structures are limited to 2nd area. They execute the mixing of spatial info by means of conversion of vector and raster representations. This, although, results in conceptual problems as a result of the different paradigms. After an advent to the historical past and structure of Geo-Information structures this publication examines spatial representations in second and 3D house relating to their suitability in 3D-GISs. A three-level inspiration of house serves as a foundation of a version for the mixing of spatial info. It likewise takes into consideration the geometry, metrics and the topology of geo-objects.

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Unfortunately, free-form areas are difficult to model by construction trees. Furthermore, even small changes of the primitives usually demand totally new and complex algorithms. Because of the awkward representation of free-form areas the CSG representation is not suited for a 3D-GIS. Besides the introduced spatial representations experimental, combinations of different representations may be used. The PM octree ! ( SAMET 1990a), for example, is a combination of the octree with the boundary representation.

2 Estimations We just name shortly another kind of approximation, namely the estimation of the geometry by spline- and Bezier-areas. e. from the geometry. Its place is taken from a non-trivial parametrized description of the approximation, which is computed by a set of given points. Spatial relationships on spline- and Bezier-areas Fortunately spatial relationships between geometries being approximated with polynoms can be computed by the solution of equation systems. However, in the general case, very costly computations are necessary.

2 a3). The neighbours of a in the area partition are determined by a comparison of the coordinates of all faces of the area partition (fig. 2 b I ). Neighbours of a are those faces that have common points with face a. The distance between two faces in the area partition (fig. 2 b2) and the window query (fig. 2 b3) are to be answered analogously to the global case. Di~cu~;~ion of the vari;~nts: A disadvantage of variant 1 is that the intersections between the boundary and the interior of all geo-objects must be computed a priori for global queries.

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