By Edited by Helen Tiffin
Western exploitation of different peoples is inseparable from attitudes and practices in relation to different species and the extra-human setting often. Colonial depredations activate such phrases as 'human', 'savage', 'civilised', 'natural', 'progressive', and at the legitimacies governing apprehension and regulate of area and panorama. Environmental affects have been bolstered, in styles of unequal 'exchange', by means of the shipping of animals, crops and peoples through the ecu empires, instigating frequent atmosphere swap lower than unequal strength regimes (a harbinger of modern-day 'globalization'). This ebook considers those imperial 'exchanges' and charts a few modern legacies of these inequitable imports and exports, transportations and transmutations. Sheep farming in Australia, reworking the land because it dispossessed the local population, grew to become an emblem of (new, white) nationhood. The transportation of vegetation (and animals) into and around the Pacific, even the place benign or nostalgic, had frequent environmental results, regardless of the hopes of the acclimatisation societies concerned, and, via extension, of missionary societies "planting the seeds of Christianity." within the Caribbean, plantation slavery driven again the "jungle" (itself an imported observe) and erased the indigenous occupants one instance of the righteous, biblically justified cultivation of the desert. In Australia, creative depictions of panorama, usually pushed by way of romantic and 'gothic' aesthetics, encoded contradictory settler mindsets, and literary representations of colonial Kenya masks the erasure of ecosystems. Chapters at the early 20th century (in Canada, Kenya, and Queensland) point out elevated understanding of the worth of species-preservation, conservation, and sickness keep an eye on. the strain among conventional and 'Euroscientific' attitudes in the direction of conservation is printed in attitudes in the direction of regulate of the Ganges, whereas the urge to source exploitation has produced serious disequilibrium in Papua New Guinea. Broader matters centering on ecotourism and ecocriticism are handled in extra essays summarising how the dominant West has alienated 'nature' from people via commodification within the provider of capitalist 'progress'.
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Extra resources for Five Emus to the King of Siam. Environment and Empire. (Cross Cultures 92) (Cross Cultures: Readings in the Post Colonial Literatures in)
Example text
Henry Reynolds, The Law of the Land (Ringwood, Victoria: Penguin, 1987): 75. Reynolds, The Law of the Land, 4. It is a parallel hinted at in Rolf Boldrewood’s discussion of colonial architecture spreading from the southern states of the U S A and the West Indies in A Colonial Reformer (London: Macmillan, 1895): 39. 25 Reynolds, The Law of the Land, 154. 23 24 Empire’s Proxy: Sheep and the Colonial Environment ^ 9 Bean, who touches on the question in just one paragraph of On the Wool Track: There have been men, no doubt, living on the fringe of settlement whose deeds will never be told if only because those who knew them would not have the courage to tell them.
22 The writing of Reynolds has perhaps been the most important catalyst for contemporary debate in academia on relations between pastoralists and Aborigines, his study The Law of the Land being central to the rethinking of the terra nullius legal precedent that enabled the Mabo decision. Reynolds interrogates the commonly held assumption that the Aborigines were held not to be in possession of land because they did not cultivate it, pointing out that the idea of cultivation being necessary to prove possession was not merely a cultural fiction, but a legal one as well.
The Semantics of ‘Forest Cover’: How Green was Australia,” in Lawrence, Vanclay & Furze, ed. Agriculture, Environment and Society, 60–76. Dovers, Stephen. “The History of Natural Resource Use in Rural Australia: Practicalities and Ideologies,” in Lawrence, Vanclay & Furze, ed. Agriculture, Environment and Society, 1–18. Dovers, Stephen, ed. Australian Environmental History: Essays and Cases (Oxford: Oxford UP, 1994). D. Introduction to Harry Heathcote of Gangoil, by Anthony Trollope, ed. Edwards (Worlds Classics; Oxford: Oxford UP, 1992): vi–xviii.